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When installing a solar panel system, choosing the right inverter size is crucial for ensuring optimal energy production and efficiency. The inverter is responsible for converting the DC electricity generated by your panels into AC power for use in your home. An undersized or oversized inverter can lead to energy losses and lower overall system performance.
In this guide, we’ll explain how to properly size your inverter for your solar panel system.
1. Understanding the Role of an Inverter
Solar panels generate direct current (DC) electricity, but your home appliances use alternating current (AC). The inverter converts DC into AC so that your household can use the energy produced by your solar panels. The efficiency and performance of your system depend on the correct sizing of the inverter.
2. Matching Your Inverter Size to Your Solar Panel System
The general rule is that your inverter should be sized to handle 80-100% of your total solar panel capacity.
For a 5kW solar panel system, a 4kW to 5kW inverter is typically recommended.
For a 6kW system, a 5kW to 6kW inverter would be appropriate.
A properly sized inverter ensures that you maximise power conversion without unnecessary losses.
3. Why Inverters Are Sometimes Slightly Undersized
In many cases, installers may recommend an inverter that is slightly smaller than the total solar panel capacity. This is called "inverter clipping" and can actually improve efficiency by ensuring the inverter operates at its peak efficiency range more often.
For example, if you have a 6.6kW solar panel array, pairing it with a 5kW inverter is common practice. This setup optimizes the inverter’s performance while keeping costs down.
4. Considering Grid Export Limits
In some regions, electricity grid regulations limit how much solar power you can export. If your local grid has a 5kW export limit, installing an inverter larger than 5kW might not be beneficial unless you plan to use battery storage to store excess energy.
5. Planning for Future Expansion
If you plan to expand your system later by adding more solar panels or a battery storage system, it’s worth considering a larger inverter or a hybrid inverter that can handle additional capacity.
6. Checking Inverter Efficiency Ratings
Not all inverters are created equal. Look for inverters with high efficiency ratings (above 95% efficiency) to ensure you’re getting the most power from your solar panels. Brands with proven reliability and strong warranties are always a good choice.
Be Wary of Installers Pushing 3.6kW Inverters
Some installers may recommend a 3.6kW inverter even if your system requires a larger one. This is often done to simplify the G98 application process, which is the standard grid connection procedure for small-scale solar systems in the UK. While a 3.6kW inverter can make grid approval easier, it might not be the best choice for your energy needs.
If your solar panel array is larger than 4kW, using a 3.6kW inverter may result in unnecessary energy losses due to inverter clipping. If you suspect you need a 4kW or larger inverter, don’t let an installer push a smaller one just to make the grid application process easier for them. Make sure your system is designed for your long-term energy needs, not just short-term convenience.
Conclusion: Getting the Right Fit
Sizing your inverter correctly is essential for getting the most out of your solar investment. If you’re unsure about the best size for your home, Solar Switch can help! We will design the perfect system for your energy needs.
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